Q. Is monkeypox a new virus? A. The first human case of smallpox was identified in 1970 in a 9-month-old boy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Since then, there have been outbreaks of monkeypox in several African countries, and there was also an outbreak in the United States in 2003, when 70 cases were reported. The most recent outbreak began in May 2022, with cases reported in multiple regions, including Europe, Australia, the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States. Monkeypox is a member of the orthopoxvirus family, related to the smallpox virus. Where did the name “monkey” come from? Monkeypox was first discovered in the 1950s when two cases of a smallpox-like disease were observed in a colony of monkeys. The source of the disease, however, remains unknown, although African rodents and non-human primates such as monkeys may harbor the virus and infect humans.
What are the signs and symptoms of monkeypox? Symptoms of monkeypox can include fever, headache, muscle and back pain, swollen lymph nodes, chills, exhaustion, and respiratory symptoms such as a sore throat, congestion, or cough. Additionally, monkeypox may include a rash on the body. The rash can look like blisters and is often painful and itchy. Some people may experience the rash first, followed by the other symptoms, while others experience only the rash.
How does monkeypox spread? Monkey pox is transmitted through close personal contact. This can include direct contact with a rash or scab from a person with monkeypox. touching objects or fabrics, such as bedding or towels, that have been used by someone with monkeypox. and contact with respiratory secretions. Monkey pox can also be transmitted through unprotected sex.
How can I protect myself from monkey pox? At this point, the risk of contracting monkeypox is low. Avoid contact with someone diagnosed with monkeypox. If someone has chicken pox, they should avoid close contact with others until their skin lesions have completely healed, which can take up to two weeks. If you have been exposed to monkeypox, contact your healthcare provider for guidance. What treatments are available for monkey pox?
For most people, monkey pox will go away without any treatment. However, antiviral treatments are available for people with severe cases. Additionally, there is a vaccine available. The CDC currently recommends vaccination for people who have been exposed to monkeypox and those who may be more likely to develop monkeypox. The supply of vaccines is limited. The state of Michigan has received about 3,000 doses, which are currently available at county health departments in Wayne, Washtenaw, Kent, Kalamazoo, Ingham, Genesee and Grand Traverse counties.
Lydia Watson, MD, is senior vice president and chief medical officer at MyMichigan Health.